Every story is broken up into sections: arcs, acts, scenes, and yes, beats. Of all the structural elements of a story, beats are the smallest. But what is a story beat in a screenplay and what’s the difference between a story beat and a beat meant to signify a pause in action or dialogue? We’re going to answer these questions by looking at some examples from Marriage Story, and Die Hard, but first, let’s review how writing beats are used.
Is Thanos the Hero? Every Story Beat Explained
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What are Beats in Writing?
Let’s review writing beats
Writers use story beats to give their stories structure. Think about it, how does one take an empty page and fill it with the blueprint for a magical world? Some writers are blessed with the ability to bring their stories to life with ease, but those writers are few and far between. Most rely on technical expertise and strategy.
STORY BEAT DEFINITION
What is a story beat?
A story beat is a structural element of a narrative that’s used to mark an intentional shift in tone. Writers use story beats to structure their narratives and control emotional arcs of their characters. In screenwriting, story beats are sometimes written into the scripts. Although less common in practice now, many writers used to write “BEAT” or “a beat” in their scripts to communicate a shift in tone and move the story forward to a new stage. You might also see "beat" in a screenplay to be intended as a pause, either before an action or a bit of dialogue.
Writing Beats Examples
- When a character realizes something
- To reveal a twist
- When a character is “backstabbed”
It’s much more common for a beat to appear in the actions/descriptions margin of a script, stated in caps as A BEAT. This can either denote a story beat or a simple pause in the action. Knowing when and where to put beats is just one part of formatting a screenplay.
Story beats help screenwriters track the plot structure of their stories. With a simple keyword search, you can track the entire arc with all the major shifts in tone marked as “beats.”
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Beats in Movies
What does "beat" mean in a script?
What is a beat in screenwriting? The term “a beat” is often used interchangeably with the term “a moment.” This type of beat in a screenplay is meant less for story and plot and more for performance. Here’s an example of a beat in screenplay format — Noah Baumbach’s Marriage Story screenplay features an example of using “a beat” instead of “a moment.”
Marriage Story Script • Beat in Screenplay Example
This particular use of the story beat is exclusive to screenwriting. Creative prose writing never includes margin commentary, so it makes sense that you wouldn’t see “a beat” in a book.
Narrative Beats
Story beat examples
In addition to their previous examples of use, story beats are used as structural components of a narrative as well. Like we alluded to earlier, Blake Snyder’s Save the Cat! structure takes The Hero’s Journey and breaks it up into 15 distinct beats. Each beat is meant to move the story forward in a new and meaningful way. Let’s take a look at the 15 beats:
Story Beat Examples • Save the Cat Beat Sheet
One of the most important aspects of the Save the Cat! structure is that it gives the protagonist something to do and a reason for us to care about their journey. It may sound simple, but an interesting plot can be really hard to pull off. But as long as we can empathize with the protagonist’s actions, we’ll root for them, and hope that they can “save the cat.”
Let’s take a quick look at the Die Hard screenplay to see how writer Jeb Stuart made a compelling one of the best action movies of all-time fit tightly into the Save the Cat! structure. Ask yourself as you’re reading: who is “the cat” that John needs to save?
Die Hard Screenplay • Emotional Beats Writing
In Die Hard, John McClane has to save his estranged wife Holly. We empathize with him because he displays acts of heroism, and is a flawed character. John’s journey takes place over 15 emotional beats, which create a resolute, and immensely satisfying denouement.
For other plot structures, you might also be interested in Dan Harmon's Story Circle or the Pixar Formula. With any formula, remember that they are designed to inspire and give your story direction.
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Explore more literary devices
The story beat is just one of many literary devices and types of figurative language, including peripeteia, red herrings, and anticlimax. If you're a writer and want to develop your craft fully, do yourself a favor and continue this exploration. The next article on literary devices is a gateway to many of these tools that help add substance and style to any type of written work.
Thanks Studiobinder, nice inciteful content thats not only easy to read, but also understand. I think this cat will be saved by this.
Great article. Loved the video, too. I am a little nervous about following the Save the Cat structure too closely because readers are probably wary of overly-formulaic scripts. I think it’s good to use it as a guideline rather than strict “color by the numbers” directions.
Hi,
Thanks for this. The 15 beats, as per the graphics, seem to be broken up into further sub-beats. Like set up into 2 beats, Debate into 3, Fun & Games into 7, Bad Guys close in into 5, Dark Night of the Soul into 2 etc. In this only the sub beats of the finale have been named. Are the other sub-beats listed anywhere?
Thanks & Regards
Hey, helpful article as always but if I am not mistaken the "Save the cat" part refers to the very beginning of a movie where the writer has to make the audience fall in love with the protagonist. Therefore, the writer wants to have the protagonist save a metaphorical (or literal) cat.
For example — an example Snyder gave himself in his book — in Pulp Fiction Vincent Vega and Jules Winnfield are about to murder some lads — something that would make them appear like the villains if it wasn't for them saving the cat — in this case they talk about burgers in Europe and how the dutch put mayonaise on french fries ("uuuchhh!")
very helpful< thanks"!